Are there disadvantages to aquatic therapy?

Published: October 17, 2025
Updated: October 17, 2025

Aquatic therapy is very beneficial, but it also has limitations to consider. The ability to safely access a specialized facility might pose logistical challenges for some individuals. Additionally, certain medical conditions may create potential contraindications that warrant careful consideration before beginning a session.

Accessibility Challenges

  • Requires specialized therapeutic pools with temperature control
  • Limited availability in rural areas
  • Higher costs than land-based alternatives

Medical Contraindications

  • Not suitable with open wounds or infections
  • Contraindicated for severe incontinence
  • Requires clearance for certain heart conditions

Physiological Effects

  • Temporary blood pressure fluctuations during immersion
  • Possible dizziness when transitioning positions
  • Increased cardiac workload in warm water

Practical Considerations

  • Chlorine sensitivity concerns for some
  • Requires changing facilities access
  • Time commitment for travel and sessions

Blood pressure changes happen with water immersion and right after. Hydrostatic pressure causes fluid to move to the core. This may acutely increase the workload on the heart. Most individuals can adjust quickly, while individuals with hypertension should be monitored.

Temperature sensitivity becomes problematic in water, as a hot pool may cause some to overheat. At the same time, a cooler one may be too cold, causing muscle tension. The therapist adjusts water temperatures according to the type of health condition. The ideal temperature settings may be determined only with the assistance of a skilled therapist.

Contraindications and Precautions
ConditionOpen WoundsRisk LevelHighPrecaution
Complete healing required
ConditionUncontrolled EpilepsyRisk LevelHighPrecaution
1:1 supervision only
ConditionHigh FeverRisk LevelModeratePrecaution
Postpone sessions
ConditionSevere HypertensionRisk LevelModeratePrecaution
Medical clearance needed
ConditionChlorine AllergyRisk LevelLowPrecaution
Saltwater pool alternative
Based on American Physical Therapy Association guidelines

Consulting with a healthcare provider before starting aquatic therapy is essential. Physical therapists assess individual risk factors. An approved medical form ensures safety when individuals with medical complications participate in aquatic therapy. Personalized active living programs are created for the intended participant to mitigate potential disadvantages. Proper preparation is important for maximizing benefits.

Even with limitations, many people feel the positives outweigh the negatives with appropriate management. Therapists modify techniques for particular issues, and alternative approaches may address accessibility issues. The unique benefits often involved greatly outweigh any care or logistical considerations in appropriate candidates.

Read the full article: Understanding Aquatic Therapy Benefits

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